---
title: 'Entity: First Secretary'
canonical_url: https://portal.chinng-lab-srv.dev/entities/first-secretary.md
content_kind: entity
updated_at: '2026-08-02T16:13:32Z'
---

# Entity: First Secretary

> Stable entity monitoring page generated from normalized published metadata.

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## Latest articles

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- [Judgment of the General Court (First Chamber) of 25 February 2026.#Edward William Batchelor v European Commission.#Access to documents – Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001 – Regulation (EU) 2022/1925 – Documents relating to designation as a gatekeeper – Refusal of access – Obligation to state reasons – Exception relating to the protection of court proceedings – Exception relating to the protection of the purpose of inspections, investigations and audits – Overriding public interest – Obligation to state reasons.#Case T-433/24.](https://portal.chinng-lab-srv.dev/government/eu/2026/07/30/government-20260730-bae094.md): 一般裁判第一院2026年2月25日判決：Batchelorは規制文書の閲覧権を求めるが、理由を明示せず、審理の保護や調査目的の例外により公共利益に反する。
- [Judgment of the General Court (First Chamber) of 8 July 2026.#Aguirre y Compañía, SA v European Union Intellectual Property Office.#EU trade mark – Opposition proceedings – Application for EU word mark BLUE PADEL – Earlier EU figurative marks BULLPADEL – Relative ground for refusal – Likelihood of confusion – Interdependence between factors – Article 8(1)(b) of Regulation (EU) 2017/1001.#Case T-350/25.](https://portal.chinng-lab-srv.dev/government/eu/2026/07/30/government-20260730-7ab9d9.md): EUの商標に関する異議申し立てで、申請者のBLUE PADELは既存のBULLPADELなどの商標と誤認の可能性があるため拒否された。一般裁判所は、関連する要因間の相互依存性を考慮し、第8条(1)項(b)に基づき異議が適切だったとして決定した。
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- [Case C-10/24, Dürr Dental: Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 4 June 2026 (request for a preliminary ruling from the Bundesgerichtshof – Germany) – Dürr Dental SE v Cattani Deutschland Helmes GmbH ＆amp;amp; Co. KG (Reference for a preliminary ruling – Medical devices – Regulation (EU) 2017/745 – CE marking of a medical device falling under risk class IIa – Oil-free dry air compressors for the production of compressed air for dental treatment – Making available on the market – Obligations of distributors – Verification of the classification as a medical device where the manufacturer has affixed a CE marking to the device in question as machinery)](https://portal.chinng-lab-srv.dev/government/eu/2026/07/26/government-20260726-7589dc.md): 欧州連合法廷は、医療機器規則に基づきリスククラスIIaに分類される油-free乾燥空圧縮機のCEマーキングについて、メーカーが機械としてCEマーキングを付与した場合でもその分類を検証する義務があると判断しました。
- [Case C-837/24, Nova Iberomoldes: Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 4 June 2026 (request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal Arbitral Tributário (Centro de Arbitragem Administrativa – CAAD) – Portugal) – NOVA IBEROMOLDES – SGPS, S.A. v Autoridade Tributária e Aduaneira (Reference for a preliminary ruling – Taxation – Indirect taxes on the raising of capital – Directive 2008/7/EC – Article 5(1)(a) and (e) – Contributions of capital – Restructuring operations – Article 6(1)(a) to (c) – Duties on the transfer of securities – Transfer duties – Formation of a capital company – Paying-up of the share capital by means of shares held by the contributing company in companies owning immovable property – Tax in respect of the transfers of immovable property for consideration)](https://portal.chinng-lab-srv.dev/government/eu/2026/07/26/government-20260726-473d82.md): 欧州連合法院は、ポルトガルの税務当局が不動産を保有する会社の株式を出資して新会社を設立した際に発生する譲渡益について課税する規定が、EU指令2008/7/ECに違反すると判断しました。
- [Case C-791/24, TERVE Production: Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 4 June 2026 (request for a preliminary ruling from the Najvyšší súd Slovenskej republiky – Slovakia) – TERVE Production spol. s r. o. v Intesa Sanpaolo Holding International SA (Reference for a preliminary ruling – Judicial cooperation in civil and commercial matters – Jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters – Regulation (EU) No 1215/2012 – Article 7(1) and (2) – Special jurisdiction – Matters relating to a contract – Non-acceptance by the majority shareholder of a company of the draft purchase agreement for the shares held by the minority shareholder of that company – Action by that minority shareholder seeking to replace, with a court ruling, the missing acceptance by that majority shareholder – Article 24(2) – Exclusive jurisdiction – Preliminary action by that minority shareholder seeking to challenge the validity of the resolution of a general meeting of that company which approved the transfer of the remaining shares in that company to that majority shareholder)](https://portal.chinng-lab-srv.dev/government/eu/2026/07/26/government-20260726-19bed8.md): スロバキアの最高裁判所が提訴した案件で、少数株主が多数株主の承認なしに株式売却契約を代替するよう求めた。欧州経済活動規則に基づき、裁判所は専属的管轄権について判断し、株式移転に関する決議の無効確認を許可した。
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- [Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 16 July 2026.#Betaal Garant Nederland CV v De Nederlandsche Bank NV.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Payment services in the internal market – Directive (EU) 2015/2366 – Article 4(3) – Concept of a ‘payment service’ – Article 4(24) – Concept of ‘credit transfer’ – Transaction by an intermediary entity carried out under a tripartite agreement and consisting in the holding of client funds in a bank account of that intermediary entity and the transfer of those funds to a business owner, following the client’s authorisation – Classification of the transaction – Absence of a ‘payment service’.#Case C-51/25.](https://portal.chinng-lab-srv.dev/government/eu/2026/07/25/government-20260725-e8c59c.md)
- [Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 12 March 2026.#Kingdom of Spain v Council of the European Union and Représentant spécial de l’Union européenne en Bosnie-Herzégovine.#Appeal – Staff coming under the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) – International contract staff member hired by the European Union Special Representative in Bosnia and Herzegovina – Successive fixed-term employment contracts – Termination of the employment contract following the withdrawal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland from the European Union – Appeal brought by a Member State which did not intervene in the proceedings before the General Court – Third paragraph of Article 56 of the Statute of the Court of Justice of the European Union – Admissibility of the appeal – Concept of ‘disputes between the Union and its servants’ – Cross-appeal – Admissibility.#Case C-728/23 P.](https://portal.chinng-lab-srv.dev/government/eu/2026/07/25/government-20260725-7e5f05.md)
- [Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 4 June 2026.#TERVE Production, spol. s r.o. v Intesa Sanpaolo Holding International S.A.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Najvyšší súd Slovenskej republiky.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Judicial cooperation in civil and commercial matters – Jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters – Regulation (EU) No 1215/2012 – Article 7(1) and (2) – Special jurisdiction – Matters relating to a contract – Non-acceptance by the majority shareholder of a company of the draft purchase agreement for the shares held by the minority shareholder of that company – Action by that minority shareholder seeking to replace, with a court ruling, the missing acceptance by that majority shareholder – Article 24(2) – Exclusive jurisdiction – Preliminary action by that minority shareholder seeking to challenge the validity of the resolution of a general meeting of that company which approved the transfer of the remaining shares in that company to that majority shareholder.#Case C-791/24.](https://portal.chinng-lab-srv.dev/government/eu/2026/07/25/government-20260725-7381cd.md)
- [Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 27 November 2025.#Michael Heßler v European Commission.#Appeal – Civil service – Staff Regulations of Officials of the European Union – Pre-litigation procedure – Article 90 – Concept of an act adversely affecting an official – Tax for the benefit of the European Union – Regulation (EEC, Euratom, ECSC) No 260/68 – Article 3 – Tax abatement for a dependent child – Conditions for granting – Concept of ‘dependent child’ – Annex VII to the Staff Regulations – Article 2 – Dependent child allowance.#Case C-137/24 P.](https://portal.chinng-lab-srv.dev/government/eu/2026/07/25/government-20260725-4d6ed6.md)
- [Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 23 October 2025.#Proceedings brought by A Oy.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Korkein hallinto-oikeus.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Taxation – Common system of value added tax (VAT) – Directive 2006/112/EC – Taxable transactions – Exemption relating to the granting of credit – Article 135(1)(b) – Exemption relating to financial transactions – Debt collection – Article 135(1)(d) – Trade factoring – Invoice factoring.#Case C-232/24.](https://portal.chinng-lab-srv.dev/government/eu/2026/07/25/government-20260725-223f18.md)
- [Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 9 July 2026.#***X*** v Finanzamt für Großbetriebe.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – State aid – Article 107(1) TFEU – Value added tax – Exemption in respect of services provided between undertakings primarily carrying out transactions in the banking, insurance or pension fund sector – Admissibility of the request for a preliminary ruling – Concept of ‘aid’ – Advantage – Selectivity – Request to limit the temporal effects of the judgment.#Case C-360/25.](https://portal.chinng-lab-srv.dev/government/eu/2026/07/25/government-20260725-8cb8e9.md)
- [Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 9 July 2026.#Sky Österreich Fernsehen GmbH v Verein für Konsumenteninformation.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Consumer protection – Consumer rights – Directive 2011/83/EC – Exceptions from the right of withdrawal – Contracts for the supply of digital content which is not supplied on a tangible medium – Article 16(m) – Subscription to a streaming service – Supply of digital services – Offer of a dynamic nature going beyond the mere stable and, as the case may be, continuous provision of specific content.#Case C-234/25.](https://portal.chinng-lab-srv.dev/government/eu/2026/07/25/government-20260725-6174f8.md): Courtの判決は、2011/83/EC第16条(m)に基づき、デジタルコンテンツを提供するストリーミングサービスの取引において消費者が契約中に撤回できる権利があると確認した。ただし、開始時に同意を得て終了するときは除外される。
- [Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 9 July 2026.#Štátny fond rozvoja bývania v GL and Others.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Consumer protection – Unfair terms in consumer contracts – Directive 93/13/EEC – Article 2(c) – Concept of ‘seller or supplier’ – Loan and guarantee agreements – State Housing Development Fund – Task carried out in the public interest – Loans granted on preferential terms – Referral back for reconsideration following an appeal – Obligation to comply with the legal rulings of a higher court – Principle of the primacy of EU law – Limitation of the temporal effects of the judgment.#Case C-188/25.](https://portal.chinng-lab-srv.dev/government/eu/2026/07/25/government-20260725-41d9fd.md): 欧州連合法廷は、スロバキアの国家住宅開発基金が提供した住宅ローンにおける不公平な条項について、EU指令93/13に基づき判断。国営機関が「販売者」に該当し、優遇条件付きの貸付契約において消費者保護法が適用されるとして、判決の時効を制限。
- [Judgment of the General Court (First Chamber) of 10 June 2026.#Global Rice EOOD v European Union Intellectual Property Office.#EU trade mark – Invalidity proceedings – EU figurative mark representing the sun and Arabic characters – Earlier figurative sign representing the sun and Arabic characters – Relative ground for invalidity – Article 8(4) and Article 60(1)(c) of Regulation (EU) 2017/1001.#Case T-283/25.](https://portal.chinng-lab-srv.dev/government/eu/2026/07/25/government-20260725-baaf72.md): 欧盟商标无效判决：Global Rice EOOD败诉，因前用巴尔干符号未满足条件。
- [Judgment of the General Court (First Chamber) of 1 July 2026.#Sandoz AG v European Union Intellectual Property Office.#EU trade mark – Opposition proceedings – Application for EU word mark ARYUNA – Earlier Benelux and national word marks ARMUNIA – Relative ground for refusal – No likelihood of confusion – Article 8(1)(b) of Regulation (EU) 2017/1001 – Evidence submitted for the first time before the Court.#Case T-591/24.](https://portal.chinng-lab-srv.dev/government/eu/2026/07/25/government-20260725-b7228d.md): 一般裁判所（第1部）は2026年7月1日に、Sandoz AGがEU知的財産局（EUIPO）の決定を無効にする訴えを棄却した。争点は、申請者が提出したEU語 trademarks ARYUNAが、既存のベルギー・ルクセンブルグ語 trademarks ARMUNIAと誤認される可能性がないかどうかであり、裁判所はその否定を認めた。
- [Judgment of the General Court (First Chamber) of 6 May 2026.#Ecuphar v European Union Intellectual Property Office.#EU trade mark – Opposition proceedings – Application for EU figurative mark proGlan – International registration of the earlier word mark PRO PLAN – Relative ground for refusal – Likelihood of confusion – Article 8(1)(b) of Regulation (EU) 2017/1001.#Case T-291/25.](https://portal.chinng-lab-srv.dev/government/eu/2026/07/25/government-20260725-113746.md): 欧州連合の商標出願を巡る異議申し立てで、Ecupharがプロプランとの混乱可能性を理由に拒否された。一般裁判所は、商標法第8条に基づき、申請商標と既存商標の類似性から拒否決定を維持した。
- [Case C-483/23, T Trust: Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 21 May 2026 (request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunale amministrativo regionale per il Lazio – Italy) – A, B, C, D, T v Ministero dell’Economia e delle Finanze, Comitato di Sicurezza Finanziaria, Agenzia del Demanio (Reference for a preliminary ruling – Common foreign and security policy – Restrictive measures taken in view of the military aggression against Ukraine – Regulation (EU) No 269/2014 – Article 2(1) – Freezing of funds and economic resources – Setting up of a trust – Settlor of the trust included on the list in Annex I to Regulation No 269/2014 – Freezing of the funds and economic resources held in the trust – Concepts of belonging to and control)](https://portal.chinng-lab-srv.dev/government/eu/2026/07/19/government-20260719-edd434.md)
- [China Neuracle NEO First Commercial BCI | Inside BCI](https://portal.chinng-lab-srv.dev/news/health/news-20260731-1a51ca.md)
- [Mythos takes its first shot at post-quantum cryptography（CSO Online）](https://portal.chinng-lab-srv.dev/news/tech/news-20260730-19b37c.md)